أعطال الرافعات العلوية وإصلاحها: حلول أساسية للهياكل المعدنية وآليات السفر

15 فبراير 2025

Lifting machinery inevitably experiences aging and wear during use, leading to various failures. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of overhead crane failures and repairs, including fatigue cracks and deformations in the metal structure, as well as skewed travel and rail gnawing in the travel mechanism. By understanding these failures and their solutions, maintenance efficiency and overhead crane reliability can be significantly improved.

أعطال الهياكل المعدنية للرافعات العلوية وآلية السفر وإصلاحها

Failures and Repair of Overhead Crane Metal Structures

الفشلالأسباببصلح
Fatigue cracks in the main girder web or cover plateOverload for long timeFor cracks less than or equal to 0.1 mm, use a grinding wheel to smooth them out. For larger cracks, drill holes larger than Φ 8 mm at both ends of the crack, then create a 60° groove along both sides of the crack and perform welding repairs. For critical load-bearing components, reinforce the repaired area with additional plates to ensure strength.
Wave-like deformation in the main girder webOverloading, causing local instability of the web plateUse flame straightening to correct the deformation. Use hammering to relieve internal stresses. Strictly prohibit overloading in the future.
Side bending of the main girderCombined working stresses, improper transportation, or storageUse flame straightening by heating the convex side of the main girder, and apply appropriate jacks and pulling tools as needed.
Main girder sinking deformationStructural stress in the main girder, wave-like deformation of the web plate, overloading, thermal effects, improper storage or transportation, and other factorsUse the prestressing method for correction. After flame straightening, reinforce the lower cover plate of the main girder with channel steel.
Failures and Repair of Overhead Crane Metal Structures

Failures and Repair of Overhead Crane Travel Mechanism

Bridge Travel Mechanism

الفشلالأسباببصلح
Bridge girder skew and rail gnawingExcessive diameter difference between the two drive wheelsMeasure, machine and replace عجلات الرافعة
Driving wheels are not fully contact with railBalance rails and adjust the wheel
Excessive horizontal deviation of the wheelCheck and eliminate excessive horizontal deviation of the wheel
Deformation of metal structureRectify
Excessive deviations in gauge, lateral straightness, and height difference between the two railsAdjust rail and make rail installation satisfy technical requirements
Oil or frost on the rail surfaceRemove oil and frost
Failures and Repair of Overhead Crane Bridge Travel Mechanism

Overhead Crane Trolley Travel Mechanism

الفشلالأسباببصلح
Roil skidOil on the rail ينظف
Wheel load is not evenAdjust wheel load
Rail top height difference is too much at the same cross-sectionAdjust rail till it meets technical requirements
Start or brake too violentlyChange the method of motor start, choose winding motor
Trolley twists when startingUneven wheel pressure or one drive wheel lifting off. Rail gnawing.Adjust the problem that only three wheels touch the rail. Resolve rail gnawing.
Failures and Repair of Overhead Crane Trolley Travel Mechanism

خاتمة

The above outlines common overhead crane failures and repair methods during operation, addressing issues in both metal structures and travel mechanisms. By analyzing the causes of these failures and providing practical repair solutions, this guide aims to enhance your understanding of effective equipment maintenance and troubleshooting, ensuring safer operations, reduced downtime, improved productivity, extended equipment lifespan, and cost savings for industrial facilities.

أعطال آليات الرفع في الرافعات العلوية وإصلاحها: مشكلات المكونات الشائعة والحلول

أعطال النظام الكهربائي للرافعات العلوية وإصلاحها: المعدات الكهربائية والتحكم الكهربائي والدائرة

دليل الصيانة والتفتيش الكهربائي للرافعات العلوية

سيندي
سيندي
واتساب: +86-19137386654
بريد إلكتروني: cindywang@hndfcrane.com

أنا سيندي، ولدي 10 سنوات من الخبرة العملية في صناعة الرافعات واكتسبت ثروة من المعرفة المهنية. لقد اخترت الرافعات المرضية لأكثر من 500 عميل. إذا كانت لديك أي احتياجات أو أسئلة حول الرافعات، فلا تتردد في الاتصال بي، وسأستخدم خبرتي وخبرتي العملية لمساعدتك في حل المشكلة!

العلامات: Metal Structures,أعطال الرافعات العلوية,overhead crane maintenance,إصلاح رافعة علوية,Travel Mechanisms

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